The role of volume and intensity on the association between physical activity and mental health among adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between volume and intensity of physical activity and mental health among adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 604 Brazilian adolescents. Data were assessed using a self-report questionnaire. The outcomes were suicidal ideation, suspicion of common mental disorders, and negative self-perception of mental health. The independent variables were leisure physical activity at low and moderate-to-vigorous intensities. Volume was analyzed in two ways: any volume (presence vs absence), and volume classified according to amount in minutes of weekly physical activity: inactive (0), low active (1-419), and high active (≥420). Poisson regression was performed to estimate prevalence ratios. RESULTS: Any volume of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was significantly associated with a lower prevalence ratio of all outcomes (PR 0.67 to 0.77). Compared to inactive adolescents, those who were classified as low active for moderate-to-vigorous intensity, presented a lower likelihood of having suicidal ideation, suspicion of common mental disorders, and negative self-perception of mental health (PR 0.70 to 0.76). Furthermore, high active adolescents in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity presented lower suicidal ideation and negative self-perception of mental health (PR 0.62 and 0.57). CONCLUSIONS: The promotion of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity at any volume can benefit the mental health of adolescents, however, no association was evidenced for low intensity physical activity.

The role of volume and intensity on the association between physical activity and mental health among adolescents: a cross-sectional study / O papel do volume e da intensidade na associação entre atividade física e saúde mental em adolescentes: um estudo transversal

Abstract Objective: To analyze the association between volume and intensity of physical activity and mental health among adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 604 Brazilian adolescents. Data were assessed using a self-report questionnaire. The outcomes were suicidal ideation, suspicion of common mental disorders, and negative self-perception of mental health. The independent variables were leisure physical activity at low and moderate-to-vigorous intensities. Volume was analyzed in two ways: any volume (presence vs absence), and volume classified according to amount in minutes of weekly physical activity: inactive (0), low active (1-419), and high active (≥420). Poisson regression was performed to estimate prevalence ratios. Results: Any volume of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was significantly associated with a lower prevalence ratio of all outcomes (PR 0.67 to 0.77). Compared to inactive adolescents, those who were classified as low active for moderate-to-vigorous intensity, presented a lower likelihood of having suicidal ideation, suspicion of common mental disorders, and negative self-perception of mental health (PR 0.70 to 0.76). Furthermore, high active adolescents in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity presented lower suicidal ideation and negative self-perception of mental health (PR 0.62 and 0.57). Conclusions: The promotion of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity at any volume can benefit the mental health of adolescents, however, no association was evidenced for low intensity physical activity.

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre o volume e intensidade da atividade física e a saúde mental de adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo transversal que envolveu 604 adolescentes brasileiros. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário autorrelatado. Os desfechos foram ideação suicida, suspeita de transtornos mentais comuns e autopercepção negativa de saúde mental. A variável independente foi a atividade física em tempo livre nas intensidades leve e moderada a vigorosa. O volume foi analisado de duas formas: qualquer volume (presença vs. ausência); e de acordo com a quantidade de atividade física semanal em minutos — inativos (0), pouco ativos (1-419) e altamente ativos (≥420). A regressão de Poisson foi realizada para estimar as razões de prevalência (RP). Resultados: Qualquer volume de atividade física de intensidade moderada a vigorosa foi significativamente associado à menor razão de prevalência de todos os desfechos (RP 0,67 a 0,77). Comparados aos adolescentes inativos, aqueles que foram classificados como pouco ativos na intensidade moderada a vigorosa apresentaram menor probabilidade de ter ideação suicida, suspeita de transtornos mentais comuns e autopercepção negativa de saúde mental (RP 0,70 a 0,76). Da mesma forma, adolescentes altamente ativos na intensidade moderada a vigorosa apresentaram menor ideação suicida e autopercepção negativa de saúde mental (RP 0,62 e 0,57). Conclusões: A promoção de atividade física moderada a vigorosa em qualquer volume pode beneficiar a saúde mental de adolescentes, no entanto nenhuma associação foi evidenciada para a atividade física na intensidade leve.

Self-rated health among teachers: prevalence, predictors, and impact on absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick leave.

Introduction: Self-rated health is an important indicator of health in the population, but among teachers, predictive sociodemographic, occupational, and health variables and the impact of self-rated health on absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick-leave are unknown. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with poor self-rated health among elementary school teachers and to investigate whether poor self-rated health can predict absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick leave. Methods: The sample comprised 493 elementary school teachers from Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. A self-report questionnaire was used to assess self-rated health and sociodemographic, occupational, and lifestyle factors, health indicators, chronic diseases, disabilities, and number of days of absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick leave. Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios and rate ratios. Results: The prevalence of poor self-rated health was 16.4% and the variables positively associated with this outcome were health insurance (prevalence ratio = 2.35), inadequate school infrastructure (prevalence ratio = 1.56), physical activity (prevalence ratio = 0.60), poor perceived fitness (prevalence ratio = 2.44), voice disorders (prevalence ratio =1.46), common mental disorders (prevalence ratio = 1.74), emotional exhaustion (prevalence ratio = 1.61), low personal accomplishment (prevalence ratio = 1.64), chronic disease (prevalence ratio = 2.39), and disability (prevalence ratio = 1.57). Poor self-rated health was positively associated with both absenteeism (rate ratio=1.71) and presenteeism (rate ratio = 1.74). Conclusions: Occupational and individual characteristics associated with impaired physical and mental health should be targeted to improve self-rated health among teachers. Furthermore, a single question on self-rated health is a useful tool for monitoring and preventing absenteeism and presenteeism among teachers.

Introdução: A autopercepção de saúde é um importante indicador de saúde na população; no entanto, em professores, as variáveis preditoras sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e de saúde, bem como o impacto da autopercepção de saúde no absenteísmo, presenteísmo e licenças médicas são desconhecidos. Objetivos: Determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados à autopercepção de saúde ruim em professores do ensino fundamental e investigar se é preditora de absenteísmo, presenteísmo e licenças médicas. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 493 professores da cidade de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Um questionário de autorrelato foi utilizado para avaliar a autopercepção de saúde; os fatores sociodemográficos, ocupacionais e de estilo de vida; os indicadores de saúde; a presença de doenças crônicas e incapacidade; e as taxas de absenteísmo, presenteísmo e licenças médicas. Foi utilizada regressão de Poisson para estimar as razões de prevalência e as razões de taxa. Resultados: A prevalência da autopercepção de saúde ruim foi de 16,4%, tendo as seguintes variáveis apresentado associação positiva com o desfecho: plano de saúde (razão de prevalência = 2,35), infraestrutura escolar inadequada (razão de prevalência = 1,56), atividade física (razão de prevalência = 0,60), percepção de baixa aptidão física (razão de prevalência = 2,44), distúrbios vocais (razão de prevalência = 1,46), transtornos mentais comuns (razão de prevalência = 1,74), exaustão emocional (razão de prevalência = 1,61), baixa realização profissional (razão de prevalência = 1,64), doença crônica (razão de prevalência = 2,39) e incapacidade (razão de prevalência = 1,57). A autopercepção de saúde ruim apresentou associação positiva com o absenteísmo (razão de taxas = 1,71) e presenteísmo (razão de taxas =1,74). Conclusões: Características ocupacionais e individuais associadas à deterioração da saúde física e mental devem ser foco de ações de prevenção, a fim de melhorar a autopercepção de saúde docente. Uma única pergunta sobre a autopercepção de saúde é uma ferramenta útil para monitorar e prevenir o absenteísmo e presenteísmo docente.

Self-perceived health among workers at a University Hospital and associations with indicators of adiposity, arterial blood pressure and physical activity habits.

It has been shown that self-perceived health has a close relationship with indicators of morbidity and mortality. Since there is a lack of information on the self-perceived health status of hospital workers, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of satisfaction with health among people working at a University Hospital (UH) and its associations with indicators of adiposity, arterial blood pressure (BP) and physical activity (PA). A total of 380 adults took part in the study, with ages ranging from 20 to 59 and a mean age of 43.92 (SD = 8.46) years. Self-perceived health was assessed using a question from the "WHOQOL-bref" questionnaire. Overall satisfaction with health was 60.8%, and women reported lower satisfaction than men. An analysis adjusted for sex showed that having a healthy BMI was associated with the highest rate of satisfaction with health (PR = 1.478 [95%CI: 1.272 - 1.717]), followed by WC (PR = 1.323 [95%CI: 1.135 - 1.541]). Neither BP nor PA were associated with self-perceived health. It was concluded that the UH workers are aware of risks to their health, but that they do not recognize the importance of maintaining healthy blood pressure or of engaging in regular PA in order to delay onset of chronic conditions that could be harmful to them.